detection of vulnerabilities in blockchain technology-based solutions.

This should essentially result in an indigenous blockchain platform.

3 . To encourage research on blockchain and extend funding support, a

working group may be formed to facilitate premier R&D and academic

institutions in the country to take up research activities in the core

research areas in the domain of blockchain. The research focus should be

on standards and interoperability, personal/ non-personal data protection,

scalability and performance, consensus mechanisms, and security and

privacy.

4. As cryptographic algorithms play an important role in blockchain

technology, academia, practitioners, and experts in cryptography/ PK I

may be involved in evolving the core cryptography functionality, that is,

desired for blockchain. Also, a feasibility study on integration and use of

Quantum Computing/ Post Quantum Blockchain may be carried out.

5 . Building a Blockchain/ DLT Technology stack as India’s own platform

should be explored. Premier R&D and academic institutions should be

involved in evolving the platform from the ground up, including

addressing technology-specific challenges through research.

6. As indigenous technology stack with open APIs may be evolved so that

various use cases addressing the nation’s requirements can be built on top

of it and also integration with existing applications can be carried out

efficiently. A balanced approach toward technology stack development

and implementation of use cases should be adopted. There should be a

clear focus on the creation of infrastructure as a national resource and

offering Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS).

7 . Interoperability should be ensured at the application and core platform

layers.

Application layer interoperability may be handled using Open API

architecture, whereas platform layer interoperability may be taken care of

at the Blockchain protocols and core components of the platform. Cross-

application access layer APIs may be enabled.

8. Design aspects related to the integration of existing systems such as e-

sign, Aadhaar, and so on. Should be considered right from the start of the

National Blockchain Framework design.

9 . We may explore and harness relevant existing technologies such as self-

sovereign identity, zero-knowledge proof, baseline protocol, confidential